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does not ned a large number of institutional owners, but it should have

at least a few such sponsors. Three to ten might be a minimum or reasonable

number of mutual fund sponsors, although some stocks might

have a good deal more.

that certain institutional sponsors are more savvy, have a

stronger performance record, and are better at choosing stocks than

others are. I call it analyzing the quality of sponsorship.

What Is Institutional

Sponsorship?

Sponsorship may take the form of mutual funds; corporate pension

funds; insurance companies; large investment counselors; hedge funds;

bank trust departments; or state, charitable, and educational institutions.

For measurement purposes, I do not consider brokerage firm

research department reports as institutional sponsorship, although a

few exert influence on certain securities. Investment advisory services

and market leter writers are also not considered to be institutional or

profesional sponsorship in this definition.

Financial services such as Vickers and Arthur Weisenberger & Co. publish

fund holdings and investment performance records of various institutions.